What Your Urine Colour Says About Your Health

Changes in the clarity and colour of your urine can sometimes be the first sign that you may have an underlying health problem that may require further investigation at a specialist urology clinic.  But what's normal and what's not?  Read on to find out more.

Normal urine colour

In a healthy person who is adequately hydrated, their urine will be a clear, pale yellow colour and virtually odourless.

Clear urine

You would usually note that your urine is very clear and almost colourless if you've been drinking a lot of water, for example on a hot day or following a visit to the gym.  However, if you've not been drinking any more than usual and your urine is clear, it could be indicative of a possible liver or kidney problem and you should consult your doctor.

Very dark yellow urine

If your urine is very dark yellow in colour, it's usually a sign of dehydration and you need to drink more fluids to return the balance of your body to its normal levels. 

Orange or fluorescent yellow urine

Orange or apparently fluorescent yellow urine can occur following excessive consumption of certain dark-coloured food types, such as carrots or beets.  However, persistent urine of this colour could also indicate liver dysfunction and you should see your doctor for further investigations.

Rusty-coloured urine

If you have urine that is rusty-coloured or appears blood tinged, you may have a UTI (urinary tract infection).  Sometimes, your urine may also appear cloudy and have an unpleasant, fishy odour.  When treated promptly, UTIs are usually easily remedied by a course of antibiotics, so be sure to see your doctor as soon as possible.

Brown urine

If you notice that your urine is brown in colour, you should see your doctor without delay, as this could be indicative of a serious kidney or liver disease and you may require referral to a specialist urology clinic.

Bluish or green urine

Some dyes that are used in some foods, vitamin supplements, and drugs can make your urine turn blue or green. Very bright green urine can also be a sign of an excess of 'B' vitamins in your system.  Have a chat with your doctor for further advice.

Very cloudy or murky urine

If your urine is a normal pale yellow colour, but is murky or cloudy, you may have a UTI, a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis (in women).  Urinary tract diseases or kidney stones may also cause this symptom, especially when accompanied by painful urination, increased frequency in urination, and reduced urine flow.  Always consult your doctor in the first instance if you notice that your urine is cloudy or murky.

In conclusion

It's important that you take note of the colour and clarity of your urine, as changes could indicate that you have any underlying health condition.  If you notice any changes, always seek medical advice.

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